Most Likely To
A prediction and reasoning activity where learners evaluate a set of options and decide which is most likely to meet a given criterion, justifying their choice with evidence.

What is most likely to?
- Present learners with a set of options (characters, events, materials, scenarios)
- Pose a "most likely to" question about the set
- Learners discuss and rank which option best fits the criterion
- Share reasoning and compare justifications across the class

How it works
Most likely to asks learners to make and justify predictions. Given a set of options and a criterion, they must evaluate each option against the criterion and decide which fits best. The thinking happens in the comparison and justification, not in the final answer.
Present four to six options and a clear criterion. For example: "Which of these materials is most likely to keep a drink warm for the longest?" or "Which of these historical figures is most likely to have supported the Reform Act?" Learners discuss in pairs or small groups, considering each option before reaching a decision.
The strength of this tool is that it demands reasoning, not recall. Learners cannot simply remember an answer; they must weigh evidence, consider variables, and construct an argument. It works particularly well when the answer is genuinely debatable, because this forces learners to articulate their thinking rather than guess what the teacher wants to hear.
Most likely to can be used as a lesson starter to activate prior knowledge, as a mid-lesson check on understanding, or as a plenary to consolidate learning. It generates rich discussion and reveals misconceptions clearly, because learners must explain their reasoning, not just state an answer.
Classroom example
A Year 8 Humanities class in a Denbighshire school is studying Tudor monarchs. The teacher presents portraits of Henry VII, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, and Mary I, then asks: "Which monarch is most likely to have been popular with ordinary people?" Groups discuss, drawing on what they know about each monarch's reign. One group argues for Elizabeth I because of the defeat of the Armada; another argues for Henry VII because he ended the Wars of the Roses. The discussion reveals gaps in knowledge about Mary I that the teacher addresses in the next lesson.
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Most likely to develops the "Develop" strand of thinking skills through prediction, evaluation, and reasoning with evidence. It builds cross-curricular literacy through structured discussion and argumentation, and works across Humanities and Science and Technology where evidence-based reasoning is central.
Rainbow Curriculum's Thinking Tools lens helps you plan where prediction and evaluation activities are used across your curriculum, developing the reasoning skills that underpin all AoLEs.
Tips
- Choose options that are genuinely comparable. If one option is obviously correct, there is nothing to discuss.
- Insist on justification. The answer without reasoning has no value.
- A common pitfall: allowing groups to split the question rather than commit to one answer. Require a single group decision to force consensus-building.
- Use as a pre-assessment tool. Responses reveal what learners already know and where they have misconceptions.
- Follow up with "least likely to" using the same set for deeper analysis.
Source: Adapted from "How to develop thinking and assessment for learning in the classroom", Welsh Assembly Government, Guidance 044/2010.




